Classic Literature

Four goes at measuring literature with code, over seven years. Two of them worked.

Novel Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment plotted paragraph by paragraph across a whole novel, looking for an author’s emotional shape. The plot is noise — and the reason it is noise is the finding.

2019null result

Prose Similarities

Subtract the vocabulary every novel shares and what is left is a graph of who writes like whom — walkable, so you can ask for the route between two writers.

2020networkx

Quotable NLP Synset

Swap a line’s adjectives for near synonyms, keep everything else, and listen to how much the writer’s actual word was carrying.

2019WordNet

Literature Mutations

Can the genre system of English fiction be recovered from prose alone, and can you measure the rate at which genres form? Yes to the first. Mostly no to the second — except detective fiction.

345 novels, 1660–1928. Genres emerge unsupervised and are confirmed by held-out labels the model never sees.

2026Columbia University